class struggles Essay - 693 Words

Class Struggles nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the Communist Manifesto Karl Marx explains his historical vision of a revolutionary class struggle between Bourgeois and Proletarians. His views are highlighted from the very beginning â€Å"The History of all hitherto societies has been the history of class struggles† (50). Focusing on the development and eventual destruction of the bourgeoisie, which was the dominant class of his day, and the rise of the working class, that of the Proletarians. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;I do understand that in some cases the system has a stain upon it and Marx was out to find the solution. Unfortunately he thought that by making a radical socialistic movement, and changing the a capitalist system to a†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;If the workers will not work there is no capital to invest in anything. Once the workers are fed up with their situations and realize there is a need to get together for a revolution and change of labor, the bourgeoisie will have lost everything it owns; and that will lead to the end of a class based society. â€Å"In Communist society, accumulated labor is but means to widen, to enrich, to promote the existence of the laborer† (68). The accumulated labor in Communism is not just to benefit one and only one person; but it is to benefit the workers as well as the employer. Everyone will be rewarded according to how hard they work and people will have the equal chance of moving up the social ladder. â€Å"In the place of the old bourgeoisie society, with its classes and class antagonisms, we shall have an association, in which the free development of each is the condition for the free development of all† (76). Workers will have independence and freedom of labor; and each person is seen as an individual that is part of a bigger and greater society. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Communist Manifesto works as a blue print of how and why to start a revolution. â€Å"The communist fight for the attainment of the immediateShow MoreRelatedEssay On Class Struggle1322 Words   |  6 PagesClass struggle has appeared throughout history. Marx’s claims class struggle occurs when there are groups of people who have different interests and economic standing that they begin to categorize themselves, thus creating a â€Å"class† or group in which each individuals are placed into which consisted of the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. This class struggle, exploitation masses by the dominant group, is what Karl Marx’s evidently explains in his work. In agreement with Marx I undoubtedly believeRead MoreThe Titanic : Class Struggle874 Words   |  4 PagesTitanic: Class struggle Karl Marx theory of class struggle is an influential concept and very relevant even in todays society. The movie Titanic (1997) serves as a perfect reflection of class struggle being it shows the division of social classes. Marx’s theory of class struggle focuses on the existence of oppression and inequality in society correlating with Titanic. Titanic is an allegory of class struggle. The boat act as a society divided socially and geographically by classes. Class struggleRead MoreClass Struggle and Karl Marx743 Words   |  3 PagesMarx laid out some economic conditions and stages of class struggle in a capitalist society that would lead to revolution. The first condition is that as the bourgeoisie rise, so does a â€Å"proletariat† class that labors in their new industries (p.479). This class of wage-laborers who, having no means of production of their own, are reduced to selling their labor power in order to live, are the unavoidable consequence of the bourgeois modes of production (p.473). As bourgeois industries continue toRead MoreThe Revolutionary Theory Of Class Struggle1796 Words   |  8 PagesBenjamin Guerrero Prof. Fatovic / POT 3054 December 7, 2015 Progress through the Struggle Karl Marx, chief characteristic was singleness of purpose, his idea of happiness was to fight and his idea of misery was submission, his inspiration was the rebel slave leader Spartacus, who was a violent gladiator fighting for his freedom. His favorite motto was that â€Å"you must have doubts about everything† and lastly his favorite color was red. Many philosophers interpret the world, but the importantRead MoreEssay on Class Struggle and the Communist Manifesto1395 Words   |  6 PagesClass Struggle and the Communist Manifesto The Communist Manifesto is profoundly marked by the history of class struggle and social inequality throughout history. In fact Marx suggests that history is in essence merely a timeline of class struggle, unchanging apart from the alteration in mode of production. The document is the story of the conflict between the Proletariat and the Bourgeois, the oppressed and the oppressor, the haves and the have nots, etc? However, this is notRead MoreClass Struggle5630 Words   |  23 PagesIntroduction Class struggle is the active expression of a theoretical class conflict looked at from any kind of socialist perspective. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, leading ideologists of communism, wrote The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggle†. Marx’s notion of class has nothing to do with social class in the sociological sense of upper, middle and lower classes (which are often defined in terms of quantitative income or wealth). Instead, in an age of capitalismRead MoreClass Struggle Explored in House of the Spirits and Uncle Vanya1262 Words   |  6 Pagestheme of class struggle between the poor lower class and the rich upper class elites. Both elaborate on the feelings of resentment and regret as a result of the hardships of life around them as demonstrated through hidden historical connections, literary devices such as parables and themes, and love reminiscences. Since the beginning of civilization, class struggle has existed not only as a result of economic conditions but societal conditions as well (Thirteen Notes on Class Struggle for Discussion)Read MoreHuman Suffering, By The Marxian Analysis Of Capitalism And Class Struggles908 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction In this essay, I will examine the concept of human suffering, namely inequality, alienation, oppression and violence as presented in the Marxian analysis of capitalism and class struggles. In examining these concepts I argue that the hierarchy of difference created by the binary model of inferior and superior class positions naturalises this human suffering. In many ways, human suffering is the negation of the other in order to determine oneself. In order to explore the key concepts thatRead More The Class Struggles of 18th and 19th Centuries in Europe Essay1306 Words   |  6 PagesThe Class Struggles of 18th and 19th Centuries in Europe Karl Marx wrote the Communist Manifesto in order to give a voice to the struggling classes in Europe. In the document he expressed the frustrations of the lower class. As Marx began his document with the history of all hitherto societies has been the history of class struggles he gave power to the lower classes and sparked a destruction of their opressors.1 He argued that during the nineteenth century Europe was dividedRead MoreThe Pattern of Class Struggle Marx Sees Under Capitalism1546 Words   |  7 PagesTitle: ‘What the bourgeoisie...produces...is its own grave-diggers. Its fall and the victory of the proletariat are equally inevitable.’ Consider this statement with reference to the pattern of class struggle that Marx sees appearing under capitalism. Through my analysis of Marx and Engel’s ‘The Communist Manifesto’ I have come to somewhat agree with their view that in the end the Proletariat always come out on top. It seems to me that it is nothing but a vicious circle . Marx comments that through

The 10 Essential Public Health Services - 908 Words

The 10 essential public health services are distributed under the three core functions of assurance, assessment, and policy development. Every community and public health organization should undertake activities that represent the 10 essential public health services. The American Heart Association is a nonprofit agency that embodies some of the essential public health services. Headquartered in Dallas, Texas, the AHA has many local offices that serve various communities across the country. It is important for the AHA to be involved in building healthier communities because heart disease and stroke are the number 1 and number 5, respectively, leading causes of death in the United States, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2015). The AHA was founded in 1924 by six cardiologists and is the nation’s oldest and largest organization dedicated to fighting heart disease and stroke. The AHA provides CPR education training, science based treatment guideli nes to healthcare professionals, and education to lawmakers, policymakers, and the public to advocate for change that will improve the health of the community (American Heart Association, 2015). The mission and vision of the American Heart Association The mission of the AHA is to â€Å"build healthier lives, free of cardiovascular diseases and stroke†. Their â€Å"2020† vision is to â€Å"improve the cardiovascular health of all Americans by 20 percent, and reduce deaths from cardiovascular diseases andShow MoreRelatedEvaluation Of The 10 Essential Public Health Services1696 Words   |  7 Pagesevaluation of the 10 essential Public Health Services and how they can be helpful in the prevention of HIV in communities across the nation. In addition, the paper depicts how the Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) has been able to incorporate the 10 essential public health services in its fight against HIV disease. The paper will discuss the assessment of the HIV disease situation in Chicago neighborhoods; policy development by the Chicago Department of Public Health and the assuranceRead MorePublic Health Services : Case Study Evaluation1117 Words   |  5 Pages 10 Essential Public Health Services: Case Study Evaluation Kyle Orr PUBH5050 Introduction to Dental Public Health Dr. Jaana Gold 10/5/2014 Case number one discusses how communities must monitor the water fluoridation levels and report these levels to the state health department. This case brings up several different parts of the ten essential public health services. The first component is the mobilization of community partnerships to identify and solve health problemsRead MoreNational Public Health Performance Standards Program993 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1994 the Core Public Health Functions Steering Committee at the Center for Disease Control (CDC) released a list of 10 Essential Public Health Services (â€Å"The Public Health System,† 2014). This was an essential step towards making established public health organizations accountable and giving new programs a framework on which to develop from. This list outlines the foundation for the National Public Health Performance Standards Program. The ten essential public health services provide a way toRead MoreThe Three Core Functions Of Public Health846 Words   |   4 Pagesintroduction to public health and to answer three questions. What are the three core functions of public health? What are the essential services associated with each of these? What agencies (federal, state, or local) are responsible for carrying out these core functions and essential services? In the paper below these questions will be answered in reference to the E-learning video while using the provided sources. Core Functions What are the three core functions of public health? According toRead MoreThe Three Core Functions Of Public Health820 Words   |  4 Pagesintroduction to public health and to answer three questions. What are the three core functions of public health? What are the essential services associated with each of these? What agencies (federal, state, or local) are responsible for carrying out these core functions and essential services? In the paper below these questions will be answered in reference to the E-learning video while using the provided sources. Core Functions What are the three core functions of public health? The three coreRead MoreHealth Of Public Health Services832 Words   |  4 Pagesthe United States. Public health infrastructures are set up to better serve and provide the necessary public health services to the community. These Infrastructures are not only dictated by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, but by Public health agencies at the state and local level or by private and public organizations. Every health agency must abide by three core functions in order to promote health in the community. They must first assess by observing the health status of a communityRead MorePublic Health And Health Care Essay1664 Words   |  7 PagesPublic health preparedness ascribes to the ability of a health care provider to deal with the health consequences caused by emergencies. Over the past few years, public health threats have been on the rise, ranging from accidental and natural threats to intentional threats like acts of ter ror (Bernstein, 2013). For instance, since September 11, 2001 and the anthrax attacks efforts have been made by both the federal government and health care providers to increase the nation’s ability to prepare andRead MoreHealth Services And Health Care1672 Words   |  7 Pagesincrease over the years, but as long as population continues to grow so will the health concerns. The community will need to continue to provide assistance to does in need from health financial services and health education some system like the CHIP has taken place, but more is needed of the city to continue to provide services. With our nation current health law (Obama care), many should financial relief when it comes to health insurance. The population and races of Jacksonville, FL has increased theRead MoreCommunity Health Nursing1626 Words   |  7 PagesUNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF NURSING NCM 101 COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING Health Promotion and Public Health Health †¢ A State of complete physical, mental and social well- being, not merely an absence of disease or infirmity (WHO, 1948). †¢ A State of being well and using every power the individual possesses to the fullest extent (Nightingale, 1969). †¢ Optimum Level of Functioning (OLOF) Determinants of Health (World Health Organization) †¢ The health of individuals and communities are, to a largeRead MoreThe Dental Public Health Field1205 Words   |  5 Pages Comparing Roles and Responsibilities Kyle Orr PUBH5050 Introduction to Dental Public Health Dr. Jaana Gold 10/9/2014 The dental public health field is broken down into many different agencies trying to work together and fix the puzzle that is public health for the nation. Within all of these different agencies you can see that there are three broad governing bodies in place: national, state, and local governments. The national body is the biggest and has the

Abc s Modern Family Essay - 1641 Words

ABC’s Modern Family is a documentary-style comedy series that surrounds the lives of a diverse family. The family is made up of parents Phil and Claire who have two daughters and a son. Claire’s dad, Jay and his Latina wife, Gloria raise two sons of their own but people often believe Jay is Gloria’s father because of the age difference. Jay has a gay son, Mitchell, who lives with his partner Cameron and their adopted Asian daughter. Three different but related families make a unique show and are supposed to represent the families of today. The creators of this series are Steven Levitan and Chistopher Lloyd (IMDb, 2016). Modern Family is intended to be appropriate for all audiences and is geared towards families in the sense that the show tends to stay away from sex jokes or crude humor (Quora, 2016). While the show is geared towards an audience of all ages and attempts to include everyone so that all viewers can have someone to relate to, the characters tend to perpetuate stereotypes held about Latinx people, older adults, women, men and queer people in the United States. Many stereotypes such as the sexualization of Latinx women, older adults being portrayed as incompetent, women viewed as emotionally unstable, men as the breadwinners, and queer people still not being accepted by society. All of these stereotypes and more are part of Modern Family. For the purpose of this paper, I will deconstruct episode two of seasons eight titled â€Å"A stereotypical day†. The episodeShow MoreRelatedDisney Case Study Essay791 Words   |  4 Pagesthem to build market power. Question #4 - Should Disney have acquired ABC? (Group #8) When Disney acquired ABC in the mid-1990’s, the company at that time was appealing to a somewhat niche market. In the 5 years following the acquisition of ABC, Disney saw its earnings drop more than 30%. It can be argued that when Disney took over ABC, it took on more than it could handle. Also, the unpredictability of ratings from ABC and the fact that their theme parks and resorts are extremely dependentRead MoreEffects Of The Industrial Revolution On The United States1212 Words   |  5 Pagestime, there were many negative factors of the Industrial Revolution that gave America a distorted image. The transition at the beginning was not an easy one for the Americans, this effort took fifty years and created an emotional change in the country s financial history. The Industrial Revolution helped shape America with the help of the industrialists and the growth of the industries they supported and ran. Since the Industrial Revolution was newly formed toward the end of the eighteenth centuryRead MoreAn Organizational QI Plan for ABC hospital933 Words   |  4 PagesAn appropriate organization to develop an organizational improvement plan At ABC hospital healthcare facilities are provided to patients at home under the supervision of experienced and expert physicians. This system is generally referred to as as home healthcare system. The type of care the organization provides Multiple services are provided under home healthcare systems. The main services are medical social services, speech-language therapy, occupational, physical and nursing care to theRead MoreI’ve never really known a lot about the interactions of my family, but when I was doing research700 Words   |  3 PagesI’ve never really known a lot about the interactions of my family, but when I was doing research for the genogram project, I noticed a few trends start to emerge. Some of the dominant behavioral patterns found in my family include practicing religion, racism, getting at least a high school education, owning a business, divorce, and cohabitation. On my Mother’s side, religion was a big part of their family. Grandpa was a Pastor and from the mountains of Virginia 1936, so Christianity was passed downRead MoreChin Torn Apart Or Mended By The Rule Of Zedong1452 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Republican China†). â€Å"Chiang had temporarily removed the ‘cancer’ of communism† (Chiang Kai-shek, President...). The Guomindang leaders hoped to strengthen China nationally and internationally by modernizing the financial system and encouraging modern industrialization (Kenley, â€Å"Republican China†). In 1931, Chiang’s ministers improved international standing by regaining China’s tariff autonomy and ending many foreign concessions (Kenley, â€Å"Republican China†). However, Chiang’s decision to focusRead MoreCatherine The Great Of Russia1560 Words   |  7 PagesBriana Espinoza Global 9 Per. 9 May 08, 2015 HRP Draft Catherine the Great of Russia I shall be an autocrat: that s my trade. And the good lord will forgive me: that s his (Catherine II: quote on leadership). In history there have been many good examples of good and powerful leaders. A person who exemplifies good leadership; protects one’s nation, is a strong speaker and communicator, is confident, and can organize a well developed government system. Catherine the second, was a Russian rulerRead MoreSocial Implications of Facebook Essay1439 Words   |  6 Pagesthe last few years Facebook has impacted people’s social lives in various ways. With its availability on modern smart phones, Facebook enables users to continuously stay in touch with friends, relatives and peers wherever they are in the world as long as they have internet access. It can also group people together who share beliefs and interests and has been known to even reunite lost family members and friends through its enormous social reach (MSN News India, 2010). There is the famous story ofRead MoreThe Media Has Influenced The Thinking Of The American People1112 Words   |  5 PagesIn the 1960’s, homosexuals began to surface into mass media and the world. At the beginning of this time period up until modern times, the way they are portrayed on media has influenced the thinking of the American people (Hart, 3). It was not until the mid to late 1980’s that gays were beginning to gain access to TV shows. Before their debut onto television, however, there were a number of stereotypes going around on mass media and the world and much of it were derogatory terms or anti-gay jokesRead MoreQueer Identity : Modern Family1460 Words   |  6 PagesRunning Head:QUEER IDENTITY: MODERN FAMILY 2 Today society displays greater diversity within households. Most American households are now non-traditional or unconventional. Non-traditional or unconventional families include; single parenthood, singlehood and LGBT relationships. Modern family is a comedy exploring the different â€Å"modern† families. This show explores a huge unconventional family through a gay couple, made up of Mitchell and Cameron, and their adopted daughter Lily; a straight coupleRead MoreThe American Family Should Be Like The Cosby Show, A Social Message971 Words   |  4 Pagespolitical messages. While answering this question, I can’t help but focus on shows that have exhibited what the â€Å"American† family should be like. The Cosby Show, a social message, is an American sitcom--the show focuses on the Huxtable’s, an upper middle-class African American family living in Brooklyn, NY. I think the show set the standards for how African American families should live, although ma ny of us don’t live that way. 4. Kendrick Lamar is a hip-hop recording artist, and for the African

Managers And Employees Motivation And Its Importance

Managers’ and Employees’ Motivation and Its Importance Joechelle Gemino Indian River State College Abstract Is it very important that managers understand their employees’ motivation. There are different components that need to be bonded together in order to motivate employees. Workplace environment and communication influence managers’ and employees’ motivation. More motivation means more productivity. The relationship between managers’ motivation and their employees is analyzed in this paper. Managers’ and Employees’ Motivation and Its Importance A manager’s objective must be to help construct an organization with employees that motivate and inspire each other. Employees’ motivation are important. Motivation affects employee’s performance, which affects the company’s overall success. It leads to greater work performance. Motivation is important because it creates the drive for employees to perform their responsibilities and achieve their organizational goals. â€Å"It is the psychological catalyst employees and owners require to reach the goal† (McKay, 2014). In order for managers to create a strategic motivational plan, managers need to have a better understanding of what motivates their employees. Manager’s Responsibilities â€Å"One of the most important functions of management should be to provide direction to the organization – what is known as strategy† (Schweigner Szilagyi, 1984). Managers ideally should be able to formulate and choose strategies that will lead to theShow MoreRelatedMotivating Within A Workplace Or An Organization1469 Words   |  6 PagesMotivation is the desire to behave in a particular way or the willingness to do something. Motivating within a workplace or an organization is defined as â€Å"psychological processes that cause the arousal, direction, and persistence of voluntary actions that are goal directed†. Organizations depend on their employees and managers to work towards their mission and goals. In order to achieve the common goals organizations incorporate motivational factors which promotes and meets the expectations as wellRead MoreImportance of Motivation in the Workplace1640 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Employee motivation remains a key issue for the attainment of organizational outcomes. The contemporary organizations seem well versed with the reality of the fact that a motivated workforce is indeed the most critical aspect of the strategic success of the organization. The theories of motivation are the stout pillars that influx the real essence of a functional performance management system in an organization. The following paper highlights the peculiar aspects of the literature pertainingRead MoreThe Challenges Of Managers Face Today1274 Words   |  6 PagesThere are many different challenges that managers face today that they did not face 50 years ago. Motivation as described by Maccoby consists of 4 R s. Those 4 R s include responsibilities, relationships, reward and reasons. These 4 R s were prevalent in motivation 50 years ago and are the reason why it is harder for companies to keep motivating today. Responsibilities in the workplace 50 years ago were simple, the men would go to work, at jobs that usually involved physical labor, and provideRead MoreTeam Environment Evaluation1292 Words   |  5 Pagescommunication between managers and employees, motivational strategy, and stress management. The paper also presents a Recommendations section that can be used in this situation. The Conclusions section presents some of the most important issues addressed by the paper. Team Analysis The company has a clearly defined team structure. Each team has a manager in charge of several subordinates. These subordinates are represented by seniors that supervise juniors and assistants. The team manager assigns the tasksRead MoreHow The Organization Might Apply The Management Theories925 Words   |  4 Pageswhat manager skills required in motivating teams and how these elements affect the business decision making and manage the change in the organisation. Also, there will be discussion of how management theories help to fill their purpose. The most important factor to highly motivate a people, a manager should have an effective communication, planning, making decisions, problem solving skills. In addition, understanding team dynamics and encourage a good relationship. Manager and its importance The oneRead MoreKey Theories Of An Organization1333 Words   |  6 Pages CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW 2.0 Introduction From ancient times, the purpose of establishing an organization is to achieve certain goals and objectives. The manager has a function to play in attaining of set goals which cannot be underestimated with the increased society complexity and size increase of organization. The manager influences other workers to contribute and do their best to achieve organization objectives. Organization management therefore involves in making efficient use of humanRead MoreSalary Is the Most Important Factor in Motivating Employees1243 Words   |  5 Pagesin motivating employees Motivation plays a significant part in a company in the modern society because only if employees are motivated can they be more productive. In a company, managers usually take measures such as pay increase and promotion to motivate workers. In the past decade, there have been a large number of surveys on factors that motivate employees to perform their best (Wiley 1997). Some experts state that salary is the most important factor in motivating employees. However, othersRead MoreEssay Function of a Manager1381 Words   |  6 Pagesexperience and styles adapted from their prior managers and bosses, their educational background, the number of employees they are managing, current events, government restrictions, and their level or position within the company. In different companies, the managers functions differ, but some of the most common include coaching, delegation, leading, managing work, planning, and motivating. Motivation is clearly a way to enhance the performance of employees and boost the morale of the company. WhenRead MoreMotivation Theories At A Very Young Age1450 Words   |  6 PagesMotivation is an important factor in one’s life. You learn what motivates you at a very young age. Although you may not know the word or understand what it means, you still accomplish a goal to receive a reward or know not to do something that will get you in trouble. Why do you do the things you do? Why do you get excited when presented with a positive reward or upset when presented with a negative reward? It’s all about you and what you desire most or want to avoid; and it differs in each individualRead MoreThe Importance Of Performance Management And Appraisal Management Essay1748 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The contents of this research paper will share some of the key importance of performance management and appraisal management in an organization, respectively. Both managerial processes have its own identification when it comes to the importance of being addressed by managers and the organization. In order for an organization to have success there have to be a good performance, since poor performance will derail the organization’s progression to succeed. Additionally, there is performance

The Indus and Yellow River Valley Civilizations free essay sample

Indus and Yellow River Valleys †¢Origin and spread of ideas †¢Interaction between the â€Å"civilized† and â€Å"uncivilized† 1. Indus vs. Aryans †¢Note: Harappan civilization same as Indus †¢Historical Significance 1. Indus discovered to British in the 1840s (ruins knew earlier by locals) 2. British used Indus brick in railroad construction 3. Increasing interest in increases 4. Discovery of seals with writing intensifies interest 5. Harappa â€Å"discovered† in 1920s 6. They said it’s a â€Å"new†/ just discovered civilization even though locals, everyone knew about it for years †¢Geography †¢Harappa- located on Pakistan/India border †¢Rivers- land so flat so rivers would change often, especially as sediment built up or geographical changes 1. Cities rose and fell based on flow of river †¢Farming 1. Crops mostly from Mesopotamia, so probably didn’t develop farming on own but learned from Mesopotamia. †¢Harappan Civilization 1. We will write a custom essay sample on The Indus and Yellow River Valley Civilizations or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Class Inferences ?Bricks- standardized; have city projects/central planning-very organized ? Have a working class ?Open areas- gatherings/communal things †¢Public Bath? ?Trench-Sewage line? Compartments- family and ownership? equality (all same size) †¢The Mysterious End of the Harappan Civilization 1. Indo-European Immigrants (Aryans)- 2. Based on language group- started (see map in powerpoint) and migrated out. 3. Vedic Culture ?Composed the Vedas (old texts written by Aryan or Indo-Aryan peoples) ? Oral History from hundreds of years before written down 4. Two theories about change ?1) Aryans invaders destroyed Indus civilization borrowing little and taking survivors as slaves/ lower caste (start of caste system ? 2) Indus and Aryans culture blend with Indus civilization having a significant impact on future cultures 5. Observations in Rig Vedas ?Earlier texts name western locations. Later texts don’t (inference- moved east to west) ? Numerous prayers asking for heroic son to be born. No prayers for heroic (or any) daughters- more male centric ? Reference to livestock in earlier texts. First reference to rice in later texts. (maybe originally herders and later farmers) ? Evidence of daily life among Aryans- quote on gambler †¢Occupations named- Herder, farmer, carpenter, wheelwright †¦ 6. Evidence of Aryan Contributions to Indus Collapse (Evidence ? Rig Vedas discuss Aryan victories over fortified cities with dark skinned inhabitants ? Military (horse/iron) technology-would have made it possible ? Migration pattern (west to east) ?Un-buried skeletons in latest levels of Mohenjo Daro- suggests war ? Loss of Indus literacy †¢Not very likely they just abandoned their writing unless conquered and forced to abandon 7. Evidence Against Aryan contribution to Indus Collapse ?Aryans were pastoral and lived in bamboo huts. Could they defeat a civilization? ?Aryans left no artifacts during time in question †¢Looks like they just moved in maybe ?Changing course of rivers offers alternative explanation- forced to abandon cities because of no water ? No skeletal evidence of genetically different people †¢Just find one genetic type of people ?Other explanations 8. We don’t know which is correct 9. Things to remember ?Borrowed farming ?Standardization across cities (built the same way, bricks all same measurements) ? Don’t know why disappeared

Implementing Recovery Oriented Practices Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Implementing Recovery Oriented Practices. Answer: Introduction Mental illness has been one of the major issues of health concern in the society. For a very long time, people have been suffering from a wide range of mental disorders. Some of the major mental disorders affecting people Management are anxiety, and depression. Initially, people with mental illnesses were stigmatized and regarded as misfits and dangerous people who should not be allowed to be part of the society. However, nowadays, the mentally-ill persons are accepted as part of the society. Efforts have been made in Australia, for instance, to eliminate any unnecessary stigmatizations that increase the health burden of the mentally-ill. The improvements in the delivery of mental health care have been achieved as a result of the continuous scientific research so far done to establish the causes, symptoms, risk facts, treatment, and prevention measures for the mental illnesses. This paper presents a critical analysis of the chemical theories associated with the generalized anxiety di sorder. Generalized anxiety disorder is a mental illness that has been affecting people in Australia. It is a mental condition that is linked with the brains neurotransmitters. When a person gets this condition, the levels of neurotransmitter become irregular in the brain. The irregularity of the neurotransmitters is not a desirable thing because the chemical substance is supposed to be in the right levels. It is required to be fully-functional because it can be relied upon to transmit signals between different nerve endings. Therefore, any impairment as a result of the disorder can hinder it from effectively discharging its duties in the body. However, it is important to note that the Generalized Anxiety Disorder does not affect all the neurotransmitters, but only impairs the functioning of serotonin, GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), and norepinephrine. The risk factors for the Generalized Anxiety Disorder include work problems; school problems; relationship problems; health problems; financial problems; sleep deprivation; and genetics. These are the conditions which might increase the susceptibility of an individual. For example, when it comes to genetic contribution, research has established that at least 20% of cases of the disorder are inherited. There are different theories which have been put in place to explain the causation of the disorder. Over the years, scholars have been engaging in a series of researchers to find out a conclusive theory that can be relied upon to provide adequate and reliable explanation on the causes and nature of the disorder. Some of the outstanding theories are the chemical imbalance theory; genetic predisposition theory; and biological problem with the brain theory. Chemical Imbalance Theory Chemical imbalance is one of the original theories of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). According to this theory, the GAD Management is caused by the imbalance in chemicals of the brain. The theory was developed in the 1990s by a group of pharmaceutical companies which had been conducting a research on anxiety, depression and other mental disorders. The pharmaceutical firms had to engage in the research because it was a necessary thing to do. It would enable the researchers to find out more information about the disorder before coming up with appropriate medications that can be used to treat it. This was justifiable because, for drugs to function well, a proper research needs to be conducted to unmask all the necessary information about the causes and effects of the illness on the body. Once the causes of the real causes of the illness were known, it would be easier for the pharmaceuticals to develop that the drugs that would be used to correct the situation. At the same time, for people to accept a medication, they should have adequate understanding on its significant contributions in the treatment of the diseases which affect them. According to this theory, GAD is caused by the imbalance of chemicals in the brain. As already hinted, GAD is a condition that is associated with the changes in the levels of the neurotransmitters. The neurotransmitters are chemicals which play a significant role in the human body. The transmission of the nerve messages across the Central Nervous System (CNS) is important because it can ensure that the body functions well and discharges its roles as expected. However, any impairment in the neurotransmitters can be disastrous because it can deny the CNS including the brain, an opportunity to carry out its activities as expected. The theory was therefore important because, at least, it created some knowledge. It gave insights on the relationship between the GAD and the neurotransmitters. The efforts made by the pharmaceutical firms to develop the theory paid-off because, as time went by, the theory of chemical imbalance became so popular. Many people, including the medics, who had been convinced by the theory of chemical imbalance, had to use the drugs because it would correct the imbalance neurotransmitters and treat mental disorders including GAD. The correction of the chemical imbalance was a serious issue that had to be addressed if at all effective drugs had been developed by some of the renowned pharmaceutical firms in the society (Slade, et al., 2014). Despite its successes in the first few years, the chemical imbalance theory did not last for long because its popularity was short-lived. The reason for the loss of popularity is because the scholars who formulated theory never proved it at all. It was purely theoretical. During the whole of the period when the theory was in use, there was no single experiment which was carried out to prove that there were chemical imbalances in the human brain. The theory was rejected by the mental health care workers who had claimed that the justifications given for the theory were not accurate because they never represented a true picture of the mentally-ill patients. In 2006, the theory was proven to be untrue after a series of researches by independent groups revealed so before it was finally laid to rest by on July 11, 2011 by Dr. Pies Ronald categorically stated, In the past 30 years, I dont believe I have ever heard a knowledgeable, well- trained psychiatrist make such a preposterous claim [a bout chemical imbalance in the brain], except perhaps to mock it. Such statements greatly impacted on the future of the theory because they were made by reputable people who could convince the global community because they are concerned stakeholders who had expressed lots concern about the delivery of psychiatric services (Rogers Pilgrim, 2014). Genetic Predisposition Theory of Generalized Disorder The genetic predisposition theory came into being after the decline in popularity of its predecessor-chemical imbalance theory. According to this theory, GAD is caused by genes. Genes which are the chemical compositions responsible for the transmission of traits from a parent to the siblings can play a significant role in the transmission of the disorder. All the human beings have genes. Since everyone is born of two parents, all the offspring have to acquire their genes from the parents. Genetic transfer is important because it enables the offspring to acquire the traits that are possessed by their parents. However, the disadvantage of genes is that it can encourage the transfer if illnesses or undesirable traits from the parents to their offspring. The gene predisposition theory has been supported by the research which has established that there 1 in 4 chances of the development of the GAD in a family. Meaning, if a family has a person suffering from the GAD, there are likelihood that at least one family member has to develop a similar condition. The researchers came to conclude that the incidence of GAD in such families is caused by genetic transfer because they never established any other cause. The gene predisposition theory is still in use today (Kidd, Kenny McKinstry, 2014). Today, all the mental illnesses have been linked to genetic predisposition. Meaning, the diseases can be easily inherited by an individual who has a parent or siblings with similar conditions. Despite its popularity, the genetic predisposition theory still faces a few criticisms here and there. Many people are criticizing the theory for not been effective in explaining the exact cause of mental illnesses in the society. Although GAD Management has been linked to the transfer of genes from one person to another, it has not been proven if actually the condition is caused by genetics. The existence of mental condition in different members of a family does not necessarily show that the disease has anything to do with genetics (Canvin, Rugksa, Sinclair Burns, 2014). A recent research conducted on identical twins revealed that despite sharing identical genes, identical twins do not share common mental and medical outcomes. It is for this reason that even identical twins can experience different types of mental disorders. The research findings can be relied upon to justify the argument that mental illnesses is not inherited. Critics believe that GAD, as a mental illness, cannot be transmitted through the genes. The fact that the condition can be experienced members of a family does not mean that it is inherited. Instead, the condition should be linked to environmental and behavioral factors which of course play a significant role in their transmission. Many studies have disproved the theory because they have found out that it is not gene, but behavior and environment which play a pivotal role in the expression of mental and other illnesses. The use of genes to justify cause of the GAD is not reliable because genetic causes have been linked to all the mental illnesses (Whiteford, et al., 2014). Meaning, it has not truth. These are the criticisms which will be applied in bringing down the theory. However, as it is today, the genetic predisposition theory is still applicable in justifying the cause of GAD. It explains how influential the genetic composition can be in the expression of GAD. Genetic predispos ition is still a popular theory that is not only used in justifying the causes of GAD, but generally applied in mental care to explain the causes of all the other mental disorders that affect people in the country (Donato Segal, 2013). However, in order to make the theory to be acceptable by everyone, further research should be carried out to explain the role of environment and behavior in influencing the expression of mental illnesses. Conclusive explanations should be given to answer why the people who effectively manage their behaviors tend to address the mental illnesses troubling them. GAD is a mental condition which can be treated. Today, the condition can be treated suing drugs. Some of the most effective medications for the disorder are clonazepam (Klonopin), and lorazepam (Ativan). Conclusion GAD is a mental disorder which is linked with the imbalanced of the neurotransmitters in the body. Human body has a CNS system which pays a significant role in coordinating all the cognitive and physical activities. Given the pivotal role of brain in the body, any abnormality in its functioning can greatly impair the normal functioning of the body. It is for this reason that GAD causes depression and anxiety which in turn interfere with a persons normal thinking, and performance of day-to-day activities. Although the research on the GAD is still ongoing, there are certain theories which have been put in place to justify its causes. Two of the outstanding chemical theories are the chemical imbalance ad gene predisposition theories. The chemical imbalance theory which was once the most popular theory of GDAD suggested that the condition is caused by the imbalance of chemical substances in the body. The theory which was developed by the pharmaceutical firms suggests that an individual can become mentally-ill as a result of the imbalance in the chemicals which are used in the transmission of nerve impulses across the CNS. However, the theory lost its popularity because of a fierce criticism from psychiatrists like Dr. Pies Ronald who faulted it for being a mere claims that was not scientifically-proven. On the other hand, the gene predisposition theory that followed it still remains a popular theory. The association of genetic predisposition has been used to support the occurrence of GAD and many other illnesses in the society. References Canvin, K., Rugksa, J., Sinclair, J. Burns, T. (2014). Patient, psychiatrist and family carer experiences of community treatment orders: qualitative study. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 49(12), pp.1873-1882. Donato, R. Segal, L. (2013). 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